{"id":2284,"date":"2024-08-11T12:41:52","date_gmt":"2024-08-11T12:41:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tryvary.com\/?p=2284"},"modified":"2024-08-11T12:41:52","modified_gmt":"2024-08-11T12:41:52","slug":"pcb-manufacturing-defect-detection-methods","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tryvary.com\/vi\/phuong-phap-phat-hien-loi-san-xuat-pcb\/","title":{"rendered":"3 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PCB"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PCB d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. C\u00f3 ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu: <strong>ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>&#44; <strong>k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan<\/strong>, V\u00e0 <strong>c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ed7i ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn<\/strong>. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft tinh vi, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng <strong>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong>. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u00e0n. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u00f3a <strong>ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong>. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 t\u1eebng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h2>B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Ki\u1ec3m tra quang h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng (AOI) n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i nh\u1ecf.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chi ph\u00ed, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng AOI \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ed7i ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng AOI, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i tinh vi m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00ean t\u1edbi 5,6% \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<li>Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng AOI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, gi\u1ea3m 35% th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, bao g\u1ed3m AOI v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 PCB kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n<div class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"position: relative; width: 100%; height: 0; padding-bottom: 56.25%; margin-bottom:20px;\"><iframe style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/a9K563V52VQ\" title=\"Tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t video YouTube\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>Tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 <strong>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng AOI<\/strong>, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh <strong>L\u1ed7i PCB<\/strong>, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng <strong>l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/strong> v\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u00ean <strong>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng AOI s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng camera v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra PCB \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm l\u1ed7i, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u00e0n. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro do l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn <strong>k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/strong>, H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng AOI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh vi nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ec9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra PCB ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan<\/h2>\n<div class=\"body-image-wrapper\" style=\"margin-bottom:20px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1006\" height=\"575\" src=\"https:\/\/tryvary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/visual_inspection_for_defects.jpg\" alt=\"ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 16\/9;\"><\/div>\n<p>Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau <strong>ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i<\/strong> ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi <strong>nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PCB<\/strong>&#44; <strong>k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan<\/strong> v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft trong <strong>bo m\u1ea1ch in<\/strong>. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n PCB \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt nh\u01b0 <strong>thi\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/strong>, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 h\u00e0n v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft PCB.<\/p>\n<p>Trong khi ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf s\u00f3t nh\u1eefng khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft tinh vi, l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m tra quang h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng (AOI). H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng AOI n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan, cung c\u1ea5p <strong>\u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao<\/strong> trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua b\u1edfi <strong>thanh tra con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/strong>, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 PCB kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng AOI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan v\u1edbi AOI, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PCB c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i PCB.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ed7i n\u00e2ng cao<\/h2>\n<div class=\"body-image-wrapper\" style=\"margin-bottom:20px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1006\" height=\"575\" src=\"https:\/\/tryvary.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/analyzing_defects_with_precision.jpg\" alt=\"ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 16\/9;\"><\/div>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ed7i ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PCB, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i tinh vi m\u00e0 c\u00e1c thanh tra vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Ki\u1ec3m tra quang h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng (AOI) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ed7i ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m tra chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i nh\u01b0 m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y tr\u00e1nh h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc cho PCB v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Lo\u1ea1i l\u1ed7i<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng AOI<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">M\u1ea1ch h\u1edf<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t nh\u1ecf<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">4.2&#37;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">3.8&#37;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">5.1&#37;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 sai l\u1ec7ch c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">4.5&#37;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Ch\u1eadp m\u1ea1ch<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">5.6&#37;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 AOI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 5,6% cho c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng AOI y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00edt h\u01a1n 35% tham s\u1ed1, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ed7i ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng AOI, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PCB c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i, h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u00f3a ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<h3>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra l\u1ed7i trong PCB?<\/h3>\n<p>&#039;Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a PCB th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ed \u1ea9n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra l\u1ed7i trong PCB, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111a chi\u1ec1u. <strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan<\/strong> v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra quang h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng (AOI) cung c\u1ea5p tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, trong khi <strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng tia X<\/strong> v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trong m\u1ea1ch (ICT) kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p>Sau \u0111\u00f3, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng s\u1ebd x\u00e1c minh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h3>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB).<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ed7i, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra quang h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng (AOI)<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng tia X<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra trong m\u1ea1ch (ICT)<\/li>\n<li>Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111a chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<h3>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra linh ki\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i tr\u00ean PCB?<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u1ed7i tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB), c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i kh\u00e1c nhau. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m tra quang h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng (AOI) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng camera v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i tr\u1ef1c quan, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<p>Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng tia X c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n<p>Ki\u1ec3m tra trong m\u1ea1ch (ICT) v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng x\u00e1c minh th\u00eam t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp l\u1ed7i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 linh ho\u1ea1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 PCB l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n<p>Khi kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 PCB, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 linh ho\u1ea1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 <strong>m\u00e1y hi\u1ec7n s\u00f3ng<\/strong>. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c <strong>h\u00e0nh vi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u<\/strong>, cho ph\u00e9p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u, m\u00e1y hi\u1ec7n s\u00f3ng gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 m\u00e9o t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u, nhi\u1ec5u ho\u1eb7c m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, m\u00e1y hi\u1ec7n s\u00f3ng cung c\u1ea5p <strong>kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/strong>, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 PCB.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u1ec3 theo k\u1ecbp nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i, nh\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a PCB?<\/p>","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":2283,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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Lau","author_link":"https:\/\/tryvary.com\/vi\/author\/wsbpmbzuog4q\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Keeping pace with production demands requires mastering defect detection&#44; but which methods ensure PCB quality and efficiency&#63;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tryvary.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2284","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tryvary.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tryvary.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tryvary.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tryvary.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2284"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tryvary.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2284\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2510,"href":"https:\/\/tryvary.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2284\/revisions\/2510"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tryvary.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2283"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tryvary.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2284"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tryvary.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2284"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tryvary.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2284"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}